- Aerosol Arabic - Free Gaza.

The latest mural from Mohammed Ali

(aka Aerosol Arabic)

is a public graffiti mural for the people of Gaza

in the streets of Birmingham, England on

January 4th 2009.

watch the video..

Mohammed Ali (AerosolArabic) on CNN...

- Stapedectomy.

**Stapedectomy**

-Def :-

is a surgical procedure of the middle ear

performed to improve hearing.

-Indications:-

• Conductive deafness due to fixation of stapes (Otosclerosis)
  
• Air bone gap of at least 40 dB.
  

-Contraindications:-

• Poor general condition of the patient.
• Only hearing ear.
• Poor cochlear reserve as shown by poor speech discrimination scores.
• Patient with tinnitus and vertigo.
• Presence of active otosclerotic foci (otospongiosis) as evidenced by a positive flemmingo sign.
• Conductive deafness due to Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome (EDS).
  

- Complications of stapedectomy:-

• Facial palsy.
• Vertigo.
• Vomiting.
• Floating foot plate.
• Tympanic membrane tear
• Dead labyrinth
• Labyrinthitis.
  

-surgery:-

*Preoperative:-

The patient will have a hearing test just prior

to or during admission to the hospital.

*The day of surgery:(technique):

Surgery can be done under local ansesthesia or

general anesthesia.

We prefer to use general anesthesia, i.e. the patient

is asleep during the operative procedure.

During the operative procedure the eardrum is gently lifted,

the diseased and fixed stapes is removed.

Next, a prosthesis is put in place.

The eardrum is gently put back into place and held

there by absorbable packing ointment.

*Postoperative:-

After awakening from anesthesia, the patient is

returned to his room and is usually discharged

the next morning. During this immediate post-operative

period, it is important NOT to blow the nose and

not to get the ear wet until the ear has completely healed.

This video is an Stapedectomy by Dr. Bliouras Konstantinos.

enjoy, see you...

-Seven basic types of smokers (By Russell).

Seven basic types of smokers  (By Russell)

-If you understand why you smoke, you will have a better chance to adopt appropriate strategies to stop your smoking behavior.

-According to motives for smoking smokers are:

1-sedative smokers:
As comfort in the face of unpleasant feelings or to relieve tension ....

2-Stimulative smokers:
To help thinking, increase concentration and overcome monotony .

3-psychsocial smokers:
As crutch to increase their confidence.

4-Sensory smokers:
Just satisfaction of feeling of a cigarette in mouth or fingers.

5-Indulgent smokers:
Use it for actual pleasure of smoking or to heighten enjoyment of an already pleasurable moment .

6-Addictive smokers:
To avoid the severe withdrawal symptoms of stopping .

7-Automatic smokers:
They Light cigarettes automatically whenever they face any situation.

Plz, kill yourself away from us...........

- Different forms of tobacco .

**Different forms of tobacco**

1-cigarettes:-
The most popular form allover the world.

(Source:-wikipedia)

 
2-Bidi: (0.5 gm of dried tobacco leaves)

• hand made , in the form of rolls.
• In : India , Bangladesh , Indonesia and Thailand.

(Source:-bullybeef)

 
3- Cigar :-

• Made of cured tobacco leaves and surrounded by dried tobacco leave.
•  During smoking , the burning end is introduced into the mouth.
• In India and Latin America. (e.g Cuba)

(Source:-wikipedia)

 
4- Goza ,Hook-ah ,Hubble-bubble:
-There is burning of tobacco mixed with molasses and the resulting smoke passes through water before being inhaled.
-Usually practiced in groups (parties).
-prevalent in :

• EGYPT and  El-sham (Goza , Hubble-bubble)
• India and Pakistan (Hook-ah)

5-Tobacco chewing:

• Practiced in Afghanistan , India ( usually by females for teeth cleaning).

• In Africa especially Sudan and Gabon.
  

6-Snuff : 

• The tobacco is used in the form of powder.
• It Either inhaled by nose or kept () lower lid and  gum.
• Practiced in India and Sudan.
  

(An_Antique_Pair_of_Snuffers .. Source:-wikipedia)

7-pipe: 
  consist of a chamber in which the substance to be smoked is placed, a stem and a mouthpiece through which the smoke is inhaled.

 

N.B:-
*Snuff  andTobacco chewing is smokeless form.

*Other forms produce smoke.

 Dr Ibrahim

- Some Types of prints.

- Really there are many types of prints which help

in identification of individuals allover the world,

especially in the field of forensic medicine and crimes.

- We will take a quick review about some of them:

1- Fingerprints..from here.

2-DNA fingerprinting...from here.

3-Foot prints:

- are the impressions or images left behind by a

person walking made by sole of the foot and


skin pattern of toes and heel.

- WE can collect important information from them

that helps tell about the person that left them behind.

-Information concerning the approximate height of the

person and possibly the walking habits of the person

are two pieces of information that can prove useful

in a criminal investigation.

4-palm prints.

5-Iris print (recognition):

-Are used to screen individuals who are trying to gain

access to more highly secure places or accounts,

not to scan the general public at random.

-By using camera technology, with subtle infrared

illumination reducing specular reflection from

the convex cornea, to create images of the detail-rich,

intricate structures of the iris. Converted into

digital templates, these images provide

mathematical representations of the iris that yield

unambiguous positive identification of an individual.

6-Retinal print:the same idea of iris.

6-Voice print:

-The fact that voice follows a particular pattern,

whatever the language spoken.

- The FBI is trying to develop a system that

could make your voice as unique and recognizable

as your fingerprint called FASR system.


7-Ear print:

Burglars often listen at windows and doors,

leaving an earprint behind, which, just like

a finger print, can be used to trace them.

Ears are unique in size, shape and structure.

Scientists use these traits to develop biometric

scans of the ear. In ear scans, a camera creates

an image of the ear that is analyzed for

identifying characteristics.

8-Thermal footprint:

our bodies emit thermal energy which by special systems

can recognize the persons after their presence

in some places e.g scene if the crimes.


9- Air sinus print:

Pattern of skull's frontal air sinuses ,Outline is

unique and comparisons with antemortem X-rays are useful.

10-Lip print:-

lip print identification is generally acceptable

within the forensic science as a means of positive

identification because it appears in the scene of the crime.

see you, Dr Ibrahim