- Factors affecting hazardous effect of noise.

" Fetid "

Frequency of noise.

Exposed person age.

Type of noise.


Individual susceptibility.
Intensity of noise.

Duration of exposure.
Distance from source.

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Dr Ibrahim Samaha

- Nutritional problems in childhood.

" DO in pairs"

Dental caries (Ca,fluorine deficiency).
Obesity

PEM (protein energy malnutrition).
Pellgra.

Aribofilavinosis.
Vit A deficiency.

Iron deficiency anaemia.
Iodine deficiency.

Rickets (Vit D deficiency).

scurvy(Vit c deficiency).

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Dr Ibrahim Samaha

- Manifestations of Vit A toxicity.

" Haem + CL "

Hepatosplenomegaly.
Hair (sprase and coarse).
Hypoplastic anaemia.

Alopecia.
Abnormal bone growth.

Eczema.
Erythema.

Mitosis stop,Mortality of cell ( with dose of 100000 microgram/Kg/day)
+
Clubbing of fingers.
Congenital abnormalities.

Leucopenia.

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Dr Ibrahim Samaha

- Age specific death rates.

N.B:-
-from statistical point of view infant is who 1 year old.
- But from pediatric point of view infant is who 2 years old when early infancy is the first year of life and late infancy is the 2nd year of life.
- (1-4 years) child mortality rate from the end of the 1st year of life till the end of the 4th year of life.

-Henoch-Schonlein purpura.

Allergic purpura
Anaphylactoid purpura
(Henoch-Schonlein purpura)

(Purpura on the right lower leg of a child)

-Def:- is an allergic disorder in which the allergic reaction occur in the
wall of blood vessels in "JARS"

• Joints
• Abdomen(GIT)
• Renal(kidney)
• SKIN

-Aetiology:- (Antigen)
1-Infection.
2-Food or drug allergy.
3-Insect bite.

-Symptoms:-

• Purpura, arthritis and abdominal pain are known as the classic triad of Henoch–Schönlein purpura (1).
• Bluish purple bruises (purpura)— most often on Joints .
• Swollen, achy joints.
  fever.
• Bleeding in the digestive tract may cause abdominal pain.
• Hematuria may develop.
• Bleeding in the kidneys may cause kidney damage.

The diagnosis is based on the symptoms.

Prognosis:- Most people recover completely within a month, but symptoms may recur several times.

Return to other triads here.

-References:-
(1) Kraft DM, Mckee D, Scott C (1998)"Henoch-Schönlein purpura: a review" Am Fam Physician 58 (2): 405–8, 411. PMID 9713395.