-High risk groups for HBV,HIV,HCV.

"HIP"

H

• Health care workers.
• Heterosexual with multiple parteners.
• Homosexual men.

I

• I.v drug users.
• Infants to +ve mothers(congenital).

P

• Patient receiving repeated blood transfusion.
• Patient undergoing renal dialysis.
• Patient undergoing organ transplantaion.

With my best wishes

- Frose Bite.

*Def:- It is a state of angiospastic with agglutination of blood in the vesseles.

*Cause:-
exposure to low Temperture ( -5 and -10 C) (i.e freezing of the tissues).

*Stages:-

"SING"

• Spastic: spasm of blood vessels.
• Ischemic :- decrease blood supply to the tissues due to spasm of blood vessels.
• Necrotic ulceration:- chronic ulcers due to decrease blood supply to the tissues.
• Gangrenous stage:- either wet or dry.

Enjoy...
Dr Ibrahim

- Differential Diagnosis of acute red eye.

This is an illustrative picture for

differential Diagnosis of acute red eye

Due to non proptotic causes.

I think it is really simple & good for

systematic diagnosis of acute red eye..

wait for loading.. the picture...

Enjoy...

see you...

Dr Ibrahim.....

- Heat related illnesses.

Heat related illnesses
(Thermal stress)

"Sect MRI"

Heat Sroke.
Heat Exhaustion.
Heat Cramp,Circulatory instability,Conjunctivitis
Thermogenic anhydrosis.

Miliaria rubra.
Respiratory distress,Retinitis
Ischemic heart diseases.

Dr Ibrahim 

- Blood groups - ABO system.

- Many systems have been discovered to differnetiate bloog groups,the most famous system is ABO system.



- ABO system represent antigenic components on the surface of RBCs according to which
this system was made.
- O RBCS means that there is no antigens on the surface of RBCs so we can give O RBCS
to all other types of RBCs groups.

- B RBCS means that there is B antigens on the surface of RBCs so we can give B RBCS
Only to B person or AB person.

- A RBCS means that there is A antigens on the surface of RBCs so we can give A RBCS
Only to A person or AB person.

- AB RBCS means that there Are both A,B antigens on the surface of RBCs so we can give AB RBCS Only to AB person.