- Cranial nerves.

**There are 12 cranial nerves...

1. I      Olfactory nerve (purely sensory).
2. II     Optic nerve  (purely sensory).
3. III    Occulomotor nerve  ( Purely motor).
4. IV    Trochlear  nerve  ( Purely motor).
5. V     Trigeminal nerve ( Mixed ).
6. VI    Abducent. ( Purely motor).
7. VII   Facial  ( Mixed ).
8. VIII  Auditory nerve  (Vestibulocochlear) (purely sensory).
9. IX    Glossopharyngeal  ( Mixed ).
10. X     Vagus  ( Mixed ).
11. XI    Spinal Accessory.( Mixed ).
12. XII   Hypoglossal .( Mixed ).

** Important notes:-

- The largest cranial nerve .... CN V (Trigeminal).
- Cranial nerves responsible for eye movements are

•    III (Oculomotor)
•    IV (Trochlear)
•    VI (Abducens)

- The longest cranial nerve ....CN X (Vagus) which reaches from the medulla to the digestive and urinary organs.


- CN I and II are  attached to Cerebrum.

See you ,

Ibrahim

- Three in nervous system.

* Brain is composed of three parts :-

1. Cerebrum.
2. Cerebellum.
3. Brain stem.

* Brain stem is composed of three parts :-

1. Midbrain.
2. Pons.
3. Medulla oblongata.

To be continued ....

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See you,

Dr Ibrahim

-Practical parasitology 2008 full edition

In the name of Allah

I give you powerpoint show for practical parasitlogy

mansoura university with common questions on the

slides and some explanation for the slide

which facilitate its identification in the exam

the picyures of the slides of high quality

and there are examples from the show..

enjoy it.

For download from Mediafire clickhere

size : 18 MB

you will see the following...

- Baerman Apparatus.
- Taenia sagenata.
- Paris green .
- Cupper sulfate.
- Fasciola Adult in tube.
- snails.
- Metagonimus yokogawa adult
- Hetrophyes Hetrophyes.
- Anterior End of ascaris.
- Trichosrongylus male posterior end.
- Echinococcus granulosus Adult .
- Hymenolepis dimnuta cysticercoid.
- Trichocephalus Female.
- Fasciola miracidium.
- Trichinella spiralis capsule.
- H. hetrophyes encysted metacercia in fish Muscle.
- sarcocyst
- Onchocerca nodule In tumor
- Fasciola redia
- Conerus cerebralis
- Alveolar hydatid cyst
- hydatid cyst
- Cystecercus cellulosa
- H diminuta mature segment
- D. Latum mature segment
- D. Caninum (gravid segment)
- D. Caninum (mature segment)
- Taenia saginata (gravid segment)
- Taenia saginata (mature segment)
- Taenia solium scolex
- Taenia saginata scolex
- D. Latum scolex
- Entrobius Female
- Entrobius male
- Fasciolopsis buski adult
- Fasciola gigantica adult
- Fasciola hepatica adult
- Paragonimus westermani adult
- Schistosome cercaria
- Fasciola cercaria
- Necator male
- Ancylostoma male,female
- Schistosoma mansoni couple
- Schistosoma mansoni female
- Schistosoma mansoni male
- Schistosoma japonicum male
- Eggs of Diphyllobothrium latum
- Ascaris adult In tube
- Schistosoma mansoni egg
- Trichuris trichiura egg
- Fasciola egg
- Ascaris egg
- Taenia egg
- H Hetrophyes egg
- Blantidium coli cyst & trophozoite
- Wuchereria bancrofti microflaria
- Polymorphic trypansomes in blood
- Plasmodium Falciparum ring form
- Culex head female
- Musca mouth part lat. view
- Musca mouth part Ant. view
- Anopheles head male
- Anopheles head female
- Culex head male
- Sarcophaga anttena
- Stomxys antenna
- Stomxys mouth part lat. view
- Glossina antenna
- Musca antenna
- Culex wing
- Musca wing
- Anopheles wing
- Flea larva
- Pulex irritant male
- Xenopsylla female
- Musca post spiracles of larva
- Hard tick
- Sand fly female, male
- Cyclops
- Soft tick larva
- Hard tick larva
- Musca egg
- Aedes egg
- Culex egg raft
- CuleX larva
- Anopheles larva
- Mosquito pupa
- Pediculus male,female
- Pediculus Nymph,Humans egg
- Cimex male,female,nymph

Dr Ibrahim

- Eggs in Medical parasitology 2.

Colour of helminthic eggs :-

** yellowish brown eggs:-

eggs of


- Fasciola hepatica .

- Fasciolopsis buski .

- Fasciola gigantica .

- Heterophyes heterophyes.

- Hymenolepis diminuta.

- Metagonimus yokogawai.

- Diphyllobothrium latum .

- Diphyllobothrium mansoni .

- Dipylidium caninum .

- Trichuris trichiura .

- Capillaria philippinensis.

------------------

** Golden brown eggs:-

eggs of

- Paragonimus westermani.

- Ascaris lumbricoides.

------------------

** Dark brown eggs:-

eggs of - Toxocara species.

------------------

** Brown eggs :-

eggs of

- Taenia solium .

- Taenia saginata .

- Taenia multiceps .

- Echinococcus granulosus .

------------------

** Transparent eggs :-

eggs of

- Shistosoma mansoni.

- Shistosoma Japonicum.

- Shistosoma haematobium.

- Trichostrongylus colubriformis.

------------------

** Colouless eggs :-

egg of

- Hymenolepis nana.

- Strongyloides stercoralis.

- Hookworms.

- Enterobius vermicularis.

===========================

- Content Of the eggs :-

** Immature eggs (no embryo ) :-

eggs of

- Fasciola hepatica .

- Fasciolopsis buski .

- Fasciola gigantica .

- Diphyllobothrium latum .

- Diphyllobothrium mansoni .

- Trichuris trichiura .

- Capillaria philippinensis.

- Hookworms.

- Trichostrongylus colubriformis.

- Paragonimus westermani.

------------------

** Mature eggs (contain embryo ) :-

eggs of

- Heterophyes heterophyes.

- Shistosoma mansoni.

- Shistosoma Japonicum.

- Shistosoma haematobium.

- Taenia solium .

- Taenia saginata .

- Taenia multiceps .

- Echinococcus granulosus .

- Hymenolepis diminuta.

- Hymenolepis nana.

- Dipylidium caninum .

- Enterobius vermicularis.

- Strongyloides stercoralis.

===========================

- operculated eggs :-

eggs of

- Fasciola hepatica .

- Fasciolopsis buski .

- Fasciola gigantica .

- Heterophyes heterophyes ( operculated at

one pole & has a knob at the other pole ).

- Paragonimus westermani( flat operculum ) .

- Diphyllobothrium latum .

- Diphyllobothrium mansoni .

- Capillaria philippinensis.

===========================

- eggs of Shistosoma :-

- Shistosoma mansoni.

has lateral spine.

- Shistosoma Japonicum.

has lateral &short curved spine.

- Shistosoma haematobium.

has terminal spine.